okay.. in this article I am going to explain how communication happens between the systems from the scratch. For this, first we need to understand the basic of network hardware in the computer system. Network hardware is the main crucial thing that makes a computer system to communicate with the other computers. The hardware that I was talking about is nothing but an NETWORK ADAPTER. Network adapter is also called network card or network interface card (NIC). Network adapter is fixed to the hardware of the computer which consists of ports that makes the computer to connect to the network. The ports in network adapter are RJ-45 ports. RJ means Registered Jack. RJ is standardized physical network interface. The standard designs are RJ-11,RJ-45..etc. RJ-45 just looks like a port that is used by the landline telephone port. But, that is different from RJ-45 port. The port used by the telephone is RJ-11, RJ-11 is smaller than RJ-45. The cable used to connect the port is twi...